Performance of soft winter wheat under the effect of growth regulators

Abstract

Purpose. To study soft winter wheat's productivity formation under the growth regulators' effect.
 Methods. Laboratory, mathematical and statistical, physical and chemical.
 Results. The article presents research results of the formation of yield, protein, and gluten content in grain under the effect of plant growth regulators. On average, for three research years, pre-sowing seed treatment with Sizam Nano chemical provided an increase in grain yield to 7.20 t/ha or more by 0.84 t/ha compared to areas where seeds were not treated (6.36 t/ha). Single spraying of winter wheat plants with Grainactive-C growth regulator helped to increase the grain yield by 0.61 t/ha compared to the control. Double spraying of winter wheat plants with Grainactive-C growth regulator provided 0.73 t/ha of grain, which was10% higher compared to areas without treatment. The greatest impact on the protein content in winter wheat grain was the use of Grainactive-C chemical in tillering and shooting stages, which provides the formation of this indicator 13.4% and 11% higher, compared to areas without treatment. This indicator was least affected by pre-sowing seed treatment with Sizam Nano growth regulator and single plant spraying in the tillering stage with Grainactive-C chemical, as the protein content was 12.6%, which was 4% higher compared to the option without treatments. The gluten content in winter wheat grain increased from 23.6% in the control to 26.1% in the variant where Grainactive-C growth regulator was used in tillering and shooting stages. Pre-sowing seed treatment with Sizam Nano increased the gluten content to 24.5% (4%), and spraying with "Grainactive-C" growth regulator to 24.8% (5%). In terms of protein and gluten content, wheat grain grown without the use of chemical treatment in the experiment corresponds to the third class. The use of Sizam Nano and Grainactive-C provides a grain yield that corresponds to the second class. The application of such a pre-sowing treatment scenario provides an increase in grain yield by 1.07 t/ha, which belongs to the first class.
 Conclusions. The grain yield of soft winter wheat varies over the type and method of growth regulator application. Grain yield is most affected by pre-sowing seed treatment with Sizam Nano and double plant spraying with Grainactive-C growth regulator.