Abstract
The electrical energy generated by solar photovoltaic (PV) has a significant contribution to the transition to green energy production. A comprehensive analysis of the yield data and the performance of PV systems is required to be able to plan future energy generation through solar photovoltaics. In this publication, publicly available yield data, configuration, and location of 32,744 roof–top PV systems are evaluated. The analyzed period is from 2012 to 2019 and has a temporal resolution of one day. The considered PV systems are installed in the Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, Germany, France, and Italy. The evaluation conducted here focuses on the widespread, long–term specific yield and performance ratio analysis. The specific yield over the entire area shows the expected south-north gradient. The long–term mean specific yields and performance ratios of systems, that ran continuously from 2015 to 2019, were 947kWh/kWp, 0.73 in the Netherlands, 959kWh/kWp, 0.73 in Belgium, 979kWh/kWp, 0.73 in Luxembourg, 990kWh/kWp, 0.74 in Germany, 1102kWh/kWp, 0.73 in France, and 1195kWh/kWp, 0.73 in Italy. The average performance ratio of PV systems that ran each of five consecutive years from 2015 to 2019 shows no correlation with system capacity. There was no increase in performance trend of PV systems that were installed after 2008.
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