Abstract
Objectives: This study aims to develop better solar dryer for paddy drying. Methods and Analysis:The design and fabrication of a parabolic cylinder type collector-drying unit has been developed. Paddy is dried by the variation which took place into four batches starting from batch 1 (08:30 - 09:20), batch 2 (09:30- 10:10), batch 3 (10:20 - 11:10) and batch 4 (11:40 - 12:20) Western Indonesia Time (GMT +7), with a capacity of 5 kg of paddy/batch and solar radiation is in the range of 408.5 - 547.2 Watt/m2. The highest irradiation takes place in batch 2 with the maximum temperature inside the dryer reaching 74◦C. Findings: Overall the experiments achieved that paddy temperature are in the range of 43 – 45◦C, with the shortest drying time achieved in batches 2 and batch 4 i.e. 40 minutes. Thermal efficiency are in the range of 37.91% - 50.35%, SEC of 5.318 - 7.042 MJ/kg H2O evaporated and drying rate of 1.06 - 1.38 kg/hrs. Thus, this solar dryer is more effective than industrial inclined bed dryer or theindustrial horizontal rotary dryer. Novelty: The solar dryer using a parabolic cylinder type solar collector with a screw conveyor has been designed which can reduce drying time and moisture content better. Keywords: Solar dryer; parabolic collector; paddy; efficiency
Highlights
Paddy is the main source of carbohydrate for Indonesian people
Paddy drying from the moisture content of 28% to 14% (w.b) using a parabolic cylinder type solar dryer equipped with a screw conveyor at a speed of 23 rpm has been carried out
From the variation of drying time which took place in 4 batches starting from batch 1 (08:30 - 09:20), batch 2 (09:30 - 10:10), batch 3 (10:20 - 11:10) and batch 4 (11:40 - 12:20) WIT, with a capacity of 5 kg of paddy/batch indicating that the intensity of solar radiation is in the range of 408.5 - 547.2 Watt/m2
Summary
Paddy is the main source of carbohydrate for Indonesian people. In 2019 for a national planting area of 10.68 million hectares, 54.60 million tons of paddy were obtained[1]. This optimum production occurs in March and decreases at the end and beginning of the year.
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