Abstract
The production of medium-chain carboxylic acids (MCCA) was studied by using five different native microbiomes (ruminal fluid, endogenous red and white winery effluents, acidogenic digestate and anaerobic granular sludge). The presence of Clostridium was found to be essential in an efficient endogenous open culture inocula. The endogenous winery effluent microbiota produced the highest hexanoic acid concentration, followed by anaerobic sludge inoculum. Similarly, the highest volumetric and specific rates of hexanoic acid production (263 g hexanoic acid/L/d and 13 g/g of total solids/d) were observed for the inoculum harvested from the red wine winery effluent. However, the microbiota present in the ruminal fluid inoculum was found to be more versatile, allowing the production of longer-chain carboxylic acids such as heptanoic and octanoic acids. The fermentative digestate inoculum produced the lowest concentration of hexanoic acid at the lowest rate.
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