Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate phenology aspect, vigor, production and quality of ‘Eragil’ peach trees grown under different training and pruning systems. Evaluations were carried out during two seasons, 2015/16 and 2016/17. Fruit tree training and pruning systems ‘Open Center’ (3.5 × 5.0 m), ‘Ipsilon’ (1.5 × 5.0 m) and ‘Central Leader’ (0.8 × 5.0 m) were used. Phenology, vegetative growth (vigor) and yield were evaluated. ‘Central Leader’ plants showed a higher productivity and productive efficiency. ‘Open Center’ plants had a greater vigor and yield per plant, however had a lower yield by unit area. Plants with ‘Y’ shape were intermediates between ‘Open Center’ and ‘Central Leader’ in relation of the evaluated variables. ‘Central Leader’ training system can be used for peach orchards in order to increase yield and productivity indexes.
Highlights
The Open Center training system is the most used system for stone fruit tree species in Brazil
According to Loreti and Massai (2006), the peach (Prunus persica) training systems can be divided into three classes when considering the tree density at orchard establishment, being low density (400 to 700 trees ha-1), medium density (700 to 1,000 trees ha-1) and high density (1,000 to 1,500 trees ha-1)
Treatments corresponded to the different training systems: Open Center (OC) planted at 5.0 × 3.5 m, Ipsilon (Y), known as Perpendicular V, planted at 5.0 × 1.5 m and Central Leader (CL) planted at 5.0 × 0.8 m
Summary
The Open Center training system is the most used system for stone fruit tree species in Brazil. It is a low-density system, 300 to 600 peach trees per hectare (Giacobbo et al, 2003). Other training systems as the Central Leader, widespread in Europe, is practically unknown by small-scale fruit growers. This type of system is essential to adopt mechanized managements as pruning, thinning and harvesting. Photosynthetic efficiency, which directly influences the canopy formation and plant height In this context pruning management is planned in order to rise the photosynthetic and yield potential of peach trees
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