Performance of Agriculture sector in India with Special Reference to Food grains

Abstract

In the present study, an attempt has been made to know the performance of agriculture sector in India by knowing the trends in area, production and productivity of food grain crops in India for the period 1980-81 to 2012-13. It has been observed that the compound growth rate in the area under total food grain revealed a declining trend. The production of total food grain crops grow at the rate of 1.94 per cent per annum during the study period. The productivity of total food grains grow at a rate of 2.08 per cent per annum. The overall average production of total food grains is 188.37 million tonnes out of which Rice has maximum average production i.e. 78.68 million tonnes during the study period. The overall average productivity of total food grain is 1522.06 kg/hectare out of wheat has maximum average productivity i.e. 2440.70 kg/hectare. The overall average area under total food grains is registered 125.93 million hectare out of which Rice has occupied maximum average area i.e. 42.48 million hectare. But, the overall absolute variability (Standard Deviation) in the production of total food grain is registered 35.39 million tonnes which is about 18.79 per cent (Coefficient of Variation). Similarly, the overall absolute change (Standard Deviation) in the productivity of total food grain is 279.29 kg/hectare which is 19.53 per cent (Coefficient of Variation) and the overall change in the area under cultivation of food grain crops is only 3.28 million hectares which is about 2.65 per cent during the study period.