Abstract
Objective: In the wireless communication the Inter Symbol Interference (ISI) is a major barrier caused by multipath fading which has a strong negative impact on Bit Error Rate (BER) and affects the high speed data transmission over the wireless channel. Methods: The equalization and channel estimation techniques are available at the receiver (Rx) to reduce the ISI when the channel is affected by multipath propagation effect. Further to decrease the influence of ISI or to improve the quality of the channel condition from the transmitter (Tx), it is reliable to use Relay with Beam-Form (BF) technique because ISI is related to a channel’s spatial property. It is natural to expect BF techniques which are often deployed in Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) systems that help to enhance the performance of the system. Findings: In this model, the half duplex Relaying is provided with MIMO antennas with the Amplify and Forward (AF) Relaying protocol. To reduce the ISI and error rate, this study proposes Improved Transmit Beam-Form (ITBF) with equalizationandRelay to be employed with MIMO Multi-Carrier Code Division Multiple Access (MC-CDMA) system. Application: Simulation result depicts the proposed system with ITBF and Relaying is highly reliable to achieve high speed data transmission. Keywords: Equalization and Improved Transmit Beam-Form (ITBF), Inter Symbol Interference (ISI), Multi-Carrier Code Division Multiple Access (MC-CDMA), Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO), Relay
Highlights
The quality of a wireless link is determined by the data rate, transmission range and transmission reliability
Even though Channel estimation based on equalization is employed in the Rx to tackle the effect of multipath and reduce Inter Symbol Interference (ISI), it is better to BF the signals from the Tx antennas based on Channel State Information (CSI) to further improve the quality of the received signal
The proposed system of Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) Multi-Carrier Code Division Multiple Access (MC-CDMA) with Relay and Improved Transmit Beam-Form (ITBF) are simulated in MATLAB with the parameters given in Table 1 and Bit Error Rate (BER) is calculated by varying energy per bits to spectral noise density (Eb/No)
Summary
The quality of a wireless link is determined by the data rate, transmission range and transmission reliability These parameters depend on large-scale fading, smallscale fading, interference from other users/system and the user mobility in the network leading to distortion of signal due to excessive multipath delay causing ISI. This results in bit error at the Rx making realization of high data rate, high capacity and high quality a challenging task[1]. In7,8 the author discussed the transmit BF for MIMO-OFDM with MRC Rx and partial channel feedback information. The simulation result for various MIMO antenna configuration and subcarrier (SC) is discussed in Section 4 and Section 5 which summarizes the conclusion of the work
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