Performance Enhancement of a Variable Speed Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator Used for Renewable Energy Application

Abstract

The paper aims to develop an improved control system to enhance the dynamics of a permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) operating at varying speeds. The generator dynamics are evaluated based on lowing current, power, and torque ripples to validate the effectiveness of the proposed control system. The adopted controllers include the model predictive power control (MPPC), model predictive torque control (MPTC), and the designed predictive voltage control (PVC). MPPC seeks to regulate the active and reactive power, while MPTC regulates the torque and flux. MPPC and MPTC have several drawbacks, like high ripple, high load commutation, and using a weighting factor in their cost functions. The methodology of designed predictive voltage comes to eliminate these drawbacks by managing the direct voltage by utilizing the deadbeat and finite control set FCS principle, which uses a simple cost function without needing any weighting factor for equilibrium error issues. The results demonstrate several advantages of the proposed PVC technique, including faster dynamic response, simplified control structure, reduced ripples, lower current harmonics, and decreased computational requirements when compared to the MPPC and MPTC methods. Additionally, the study considers the integration of blade pitch angle and maximum power point tracking (MPPT) controls, which limit wind energy utilization when the generator speed exceeds its rated speed and maximize wind energy extraction during wind scarcity. In summary, the proposed PVC enhanced control system exhibits superior performance in terms of dynamic response, control simplicity, current quality, and computational efficiency when compared to alternative methods.