Performance and blood plasma amino acid and urea concentrations in growing pigs given diets of cereals and groundnut meal and supplemented with graded amounts of L-lysine

Abstract

The addition of graded amounts of L-lysine to a basal diet of cereals and groundnut meal given to growing pigs caused the expected improvements in rate of growth, N retention and carcass quality. Best responses were obtained when the diet contained 9 g lysine/kg; above that level there were no significant additional responses. Blood samples were taken from the anterior vena cava before and at intervals after a meal of each diet, and the concentration of amino acids and urea in the plasma determined. The concentrations of most amino acids in blood plasma increased after a meal, reaching maxima about 2 h after feeding. At all times of sampling the concentrations in plasma of essential amino acids other than lysine were largely unaffected by the lysine content of the diet, but the concentration of lysine increased linearly over a wide range of lysine intake. The concentration of urea in blood plasma fell as the lysine content of the diet increased. Lowest concentrations were found with diets containing 9 g or more lysine/kg. It was concluded that measurement of the concentrations of urea in blood plasma of growing pigs fed twice daily may be of more value in assessing the amino acid requirements and efficiency of protein utilization than determination of changes in concentration of blood plasma amino acids.