Abstract
With the rapid development of the satellite navigation industry, low-cost and high-precision Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) positioning has recently become a research hotspot. The traditional application of GNSS may be further extended thanks to the low cost of measuring instruments, but effective methods are also desperately needed due to the low quality of the data obtained using these instruments. Thus, in this paper, we propose the analysis and evaluation of the ambiguity fixed-rate and positioning accuracy of single-frequency Global Positioning System (GPS) and BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) data, collected from a low-cost u-blox receiver, based on the Constrained LAMBDA (CLAMBDA) method with a baseline length constraint, instead of the classical LAMBDA method. Three sets of experiments in different observation environments, including two sets of static short-baseline experiments and a set of dynamic vehicle experiments, are adopted in this paper. The experiment results show that, compared to classical LAMBDA method, the CLAMBDA method can significantly improve the success rate of the GNSS ambiguity resolution. When the ambiguity is fixed correctly, the baseline solution accuracy reaches 0.5 and 1 cm in a static scenario, and 1 and 2 cm on a dynamic platform.
Highlights
The need for Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) navigation and positioning is increasing in various fields
Receivers, which could only receive single-frequency observations were used in the experiment, and due to the limited observation channels of this receiver, the dual-system data of Global Positioning System (GPS)/BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) were used
In order to better evaluate the performance of LAMBDA and Constrained LAMBDA (CLAMBDA) method, where the latter one takes advantage of the prior baseline length information in the ambiguity search procedure, a single-epoch geometry-based double-difference RTK technique was adopted
Summary
The need for Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) navigation and positioning is increasing in various fields. Its application may be limited by its high cost. Compared with expensive measurement receivers, low-cost receivers have many advantages, including low power consumption, small size, portability, and high integration [1,2]. Take the GNSS chipsets, for example, which are installed in almost every mobile phone, tablet, computer, and other intelligent terminals, are successfully used in position-based services such as pedestrian navigation, vehicle tracking, and social networking [3,4,5,6]. Many studies have been carried out on the data quality assessment and positioning performance of various intelligent terminals, e.g., Google Nexus, Xiaomi, HUAWEI Mate, and the results show that they can generally achieve a positioning accuracy of meter level, or even sub-meter level [7,8,9,10,11]
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