Abstract
A two-stage beamforming (BF) approach is proposed for millimeter wave (mmWave) cellular networks, wherein each base station (BS) first obtains wide beams to its users during the initial access (IA), then refines to narrow beams during the beam refinement phase (BRP). The performance of the proposed approach is derived under three IA protocols. Compared to a single-stage approach where beam searching is solely finished during IA, the two-stage BF approach is shown to significantly increase the user-perceived throughput (UPT) for the exhaustive search IA protocol, and it provides a flexible framework to achieve good IA delay and UPT performance simultaneously.
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