Abstract
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) are distributed network of sensors or micro-sensors. It has ability to sense the parameter around it, like temperature, moisture, humidity, etc. WSN has application in various field like engineering, medical, environment monitoring, industrial automation, military surveillance. Wireless sensor network consists of three main components: Sensing element (Node), Process unit (Base station) and Power unit (Battery). WSN sense data, process data and communicate with base station which includes data transmission. In WSN, energy efficiency is always a main issue since batteries die out very soon. In wireless sensor networks, sending data consumes energy, which affects the lifetime of the network. Therefore, we need a solution to reduce energy consumption. Thus, routing protocol comes into picture. From last few years, there have been increasing effort to minimize energy consumption via algorithms, different techniques in different layer, i.e. hardware layer, network layer and application layer. One of them is the Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) protocol. In this paper we propose LEACH protocol. LEACH is an energy efficient hierarchical-based routing protocol. Our prime focus is on the implementation and analysis of LEACH. Simulation in MATLAB is done to study and analyze various parameters.
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