Performance analysis of full adder and full subtractor using quantum-dot cellular automata

Abstract

Quantum cellular automata (QCA), a nanotechnology application has shown to be a profoundly powerful computational environment when compared to CMOS. This article uses a quantum dot cellular automaton (QCA) to primarily project the implementation and simulation outcome of different regenerable full adders and full subtractors. The technique for changing irreversible functions into reversible ones is used to achieve the same. For improving the energy efficiency of the QCA based designs, the conversion of irreversible functions to reversible is quite desirous in recent era. A novel symmetric and planar design for a majority gate having five inputs whose fault tolerant is suggested. The designs outperform the best existing ones concerning complexity, size, and delay, the quantity of majority and invertible gates, garbage outputs, including control inputs.