Abstract
The performance of the underwater optical wireless communication (UOWC) system is highly affected by seawater´s inherent optical properties and the solar radiation from sunlight, especially for a shallow environment. The multipath effect and degradations in signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) due to absorption, scattering, and ambient noises can significantly limit the viable communication range, which poses key challenges to its large-scale commercial applications. To this end, this paper proposes a unified model for underwater channel characterization and system performance analysis in the presence of solar noises utilizing a photon tracing algorithm. Besides, we developed a generic simulation platform with configurable parameters and self-defined scenarios via MATLAB. Based on this platform, a comprehensive investigation of underwater channel impairments was conducted including temporal and spatial dispersion, illumination distribution pattern, and statistical attenuation with various oceanic types. The impact of ambient noise at different operation depths on the bit error rate (BER) performance of the shallow UOWC system was evaluated under typical specifications. Simulation results revealed that the multipath dispersion is tied closely to the multiple scattering phenomenon. The delay spread and ambient noise effect can be mitigated by considering a narrow field of view (FOV) and it also enables the system to exhibit optimal performance on combining with a wide aperture.
Highlights
Underwater optical wireless communication (UOWC) has attracted considerable interest from both academia and industry as an effective solution to satisfy the rapidly increasing demands of underwater high-data-rate transmission
It is worth mentioning that the characteristics of the based on the established simulation platform
To be more representative andonnot too attenuation complicated, wetemporal provide the some typical configurations and our analysis focuses spatial and simulation results under some typical configurations and our analysis focuses onwe spatial dispersion together with system bit error rate (BER) performance with solar noises
Summary
Underwater optical wireless communication (UOWC) has attracted considerable interest from both academia and industry as an effective solution to satisfy the rapidly increasing demands of underwater high-data-rate transmission. Established research an experimental testbed to study the LD-UOWC channel characteristics by measuring the intensity of the light transmitted through different types of water. To overcome these limitations, the Monte Carlo numerical simulation method was developed to solve RTE and model the underwater channel; several works were reported in [14,15,16,17,18,19]. Monte Carlo (MC) based approach was proposed to investigate the light attenuation and time-domain broadening effects in different types of seawater channels, the impact of the Electronics 2021, 10, 632 water quality, communication distance, and receiver aperture were analyzed. While a larger aperture and wide FOV can capture more optical signals, they bring more ambient light noises and it is hard to determine the optimal combinations
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