Abstract
Responsible for high rates of morbidity and mortality, amputation has constituted a great public health problem, which burdens the social security costs and the health system. We aimed to describe the epidemiological profile of people who suffered amputation in a public hospital in the interior of Brazil, which is a reference for a macroregion.This was a retrospective and descriptive epidemiological study, carried out by analyzing the medical records of 214 patients who underwent amputations of various causes, between the years 2012 and 2019 at the Municipal Hospital Dr. Raimundo Gobira, located in Teófilo Otoni, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Statistical analysis of Pearson's correlation, mean and standard deviation was performed. A significance level of 5% was adopted. Of the 214 cases of amputations, the majority were men (91.12%), aged 19-30 years (21.96%), from the urban area (63.45%). Of these, 46.26% were associated with work. The maquita was the tool responsible for most injuries (17.35%). The fingers of the left hand were the main body segments affected (23.60%). Most of the subjects were residents of Teófilo Otoni (34.57%). Approximately 20.10% of amputations occurred in the year 2018. Statistical significance was not demonstrated when age and length of hospital stay were correlated, although the results point to a longer length of stay as age increases. The results made it possible to understand the epidemiological reality of the causes of amputations performed in the region and provide public managers with the opportunity to make decisions based on prevention.
Highlights
Traumatic or surgical amputation consists of removing a body segment, being performed as a last resort or last surgical possibility, to improve limb function and avoid extreme consequences (Schoeller et al, 2013).Responsible for high rates of morbidity and mortality, it has become a major public health problem, with an important impact on the individual's independence and on the costs of the health and social security sector
Its etiologies are divided into vascular causes, such as diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis and inflammation of blood vessels, as well as tissue necrosis; and nonvascular causes, such as trauma, neoplasms, congenital and infectious conditions (Padovani et al, 2015)
Among Latin American countries, Brazil is among the record holders in the number of amputations, with an approximate number of 40,000 per year, with diabetes, traffic accidents, and work accidents as the main causes
Summary
Traumatic or surgical amputation consists of removing a body segment, being performed as a last resort or last surgical possibility, to improve limb function and avoid extreme consequences (Schoeller et al, 2013).Responsible for high rates of morbidity and mortality, it has become a major public health problem, with an important impact on the individual's independence and on the costs of the health and social security sector. Its etiologies are divided into vascular causes, such as diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis and inflammation of blood vessels, as well as tissue necrosis; and nonvascular causes, such as trauma, neoplasms, congenital and infectious conditions (Padovani et al, 2015). Data from the Hospital Information System of the public health system in Brazil in 2011, presented external causes such as violence, accidents at work, domestic and traffic (33.1%), as the main causes of amputations in Brazil. It is estimated that the worldwide incidence of limb amputation is approximately 1 million per year (Seidel et al, 2008; Senefone et al, 2012). Among Latin American countries, Brazil is among the record holders in the number of amputations, with an approximate number of 40,000 per year, with diabetes, traffic accidents, and work accidents as the main causes
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