Abstract
The species Perna viridis is a highly consumed species, which fast growth makes it an interesting aquaculture alternative for Venezuelan and Trinidad coasts. With the aim to contribute with its nutritional value information, this study analyzed lipid and fatty acid contents from samples taken in five locations from Eastern Venezuela and three from Trinidad West Coast. Total lipids were extracted and quantified, from a pooled sample of 100 organisms per location, by standard gravimetric methods, and their identification and quantification was done by TLC/FID (Iatroscan system). Furthermore, the esterified fatty acids of total lipid, phospholipids and triacylglycerols were identified and quantified by gas chromatography. Eastern Venezuela samples from Los Cedros, La Brea and Chaguaramas showed the highest total lipid values of 7.92, 7.74 and 7.53, respectively, and the minimum values were obtained for La Restinga (6.08%). Among lipid composition, Chacopata samples showed the lowest phospholipid concentration (48.86%) and the maximum values for cholesterol (38.87%) and triacylglycerols (12.26%); besides, La Esmeralda and Rio Caribe samples exhibited maximum phospholipids (88.71 and 84.93 respectively) and minimum cholesterol (6.50 and 4.42%) concentrations. Saturated fatty acids represented between 15.04% and 65.55% within total lipid extracts, with maximum and minimum values for La Esmeralda and Chacopata, respectively. Polyunsaturated results resulted between 7.80 and 37.18%, with higher values in La Brea and lower values in La Esmeralda. For phospholipids, saturated fatty acids concentrations varied between 38.81 and 48.68% for Chaguaramas and Chacopata samples, respectively. In the case of polyunsaturated fatty acids, these varied between non detected and 34.51%, with high concentrations in Los Cedros (27.97%) and Chaguaramas (34.51%) samples. For the triacylglycerols, the saturated fatty acids composition oscillated between 14.27 and 53.80% with low concentrations for Chacopata and high concentration for La Restinga; the polyunsaturated fatty acids were between 4.66 and 35.55% with lower values for Chacopata and higher values for Chaguaramas samples. P. viridis is recommended for human being consumption, according to the high content of unsaturated fatty acids found for this species.
Highlights
En Venezuela, se han realizado algunos estudios sobre el género Perna, recientemente, se caracterizó y cuantificó el contenido de ácidos grasos presente en las gónadas y músculo de la especie de mejillón P. perna, y se encontró que los ácidos grasos para los estadíos II Y III presentó un porcentaje de ácidos grasos poliinsaturados mayor que el de los saturados y monoinsaturados (Malavé 2002)
Los ácidos grasos poliinsaturados se encontraron entre no detectado y 34.51%, con máximas concentraciones en las localidades de Los Cedros (27.97%) y Chaguaramas
La concentración de ácidos grasos saturados estuvo entre 38.81 y 48.68% para las muestras de Chaguaramas y Chacopata, respectivamente; los ácidos grasos poliinsaturados se encontraron entre no detectado y 34.51%, con altas concentraciones en muestras de Los Cedros (27.97%) y Chaguaramas (34.51%)
Summary
En Venezuela, se han realizado algunos estudios sobre el género Perna, recientemente, se caracterizó y cuantificó el contenido de ácidos grasos presente en las gónadas y músculo de la especie de mejillón P. perna, y se encontró que los ácidos grasos para los estadíos II Y III presentó un porcentaje de ácidos grasos poliinsaturados mayor que el de los saturados y monoinsaturados (Malavé 2002).
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