Peranan Angioplasti pada Stenosis Arteri Renalis (SAR)

Abstract

Renal Artery Stenosis (RAS) is a narrowing of the diameter renal artery diameter by more than or equal to 50%. Renal Artery Stenosis (RAS) is an important cause of secondary hypertension and progressive renal insufficiency. The narrowing of the renal artery lumen may be due to various causes, with the most common causes are atherosclerosis and fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD).
 Percutaneous Transluminal Renal Angioplasty (PTRA) is one of the alternative treatments for RAS performed by interventional radiologist. This technique is done by inserting a small balloon in the area of the blocked renal artery. When the balloon is developed, the plaque from the fat or blockage will be pressed towards the arterial wall and dilated blood vessel diameter so that it can increase blood flow to the heart.
 Uncontrolled hypertension and FMD treated with PTRA have a success rate of 82-100%. The use of stenting improves effectiveness with 94-100% success rate. This method is less effective for atherosclerotic RAS, due to its severity of RAS lesion and its potential to cause arterial dissection.
 Compared with revascularization of the renal artery with surgery, PTRA is preferred because it is not invasive, has faster hospitalization and lower complications. Therefore, PTRA is considered a treatment option that is quite effective in treating hypertension, especially in patients with uncontrolled hypertension and fibromuscular dysplasia.