Abstract
In this study, we investigated the utility of pentraxin 3 (PTX-3) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) as lung cancer (LCa) diagnostic. A total of 89 LCa patients and 84 non-LCa patients who received bronchoscopy in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University from December 2014 to February 2015 were enrolled. LCa was subdivided according to pathological type (scale, gland, and small cell lung cancer). BALF samples were obtained during bronchoscopy and PTX-3 levels assayed by ELISA. t-tests, Mann-Whitney, and Kruskal-Wallis tests were performed for the comparison of PTX-3 levels between the different groups. Correlation analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis were used to analyze clinical data. The levels of PTX-3 increased in the LCa groups. PTX-3 levels were higher in the small cell lung cancer (SCLC) compared to non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) groups. In LCa patients, obstructive pneumonia could upregulate the expression of PTX-3 in BALF. The area under the ROC curve of PTX-3 in BALF during LCa diagnosis, SCLC, and LCa with obstructive pneumonia was 0.949 (p ≤ 0.001), 0.672 (p < 0.05), and 0.838 (p < 0.01), respectively. In conclusion, PTX-3 in BALF has a potential value as an LCa biomarker, particularly in cases of SCLC and LCa with obstructive pneumonia.
Highlights
Lung cancer (LCa) is the leading cause of cancer-related death globally [1]
Through the detection of Pentraxin 3 (PTX-3) expression in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of patients suffering from LCa, we explored its role in the early diagnosis of LCa
The results showed that CEA, neuron-specific enolase (NSE), and CYFRA 21-1 positively correlated with PTX-3 levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) with no statistical significance, whilst for the smoking index, a negative correlation was observed (Table 5)
Summary
Due to poor LCa detection methods, only ~1020% of patients with LCa can be treated at the time of diagnosis [2] leading to 5-year survival rates of ~14% [3]. PTX-3 participates in an array of biological effects, including immune defenses, inflammation, and apoptosis [11]. Previous studies on the expression of PTX-3 have focused on serum and lung tissue [17, 18]. Through the detection of PTX-3 expression in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of patients suffering from LCa, we explored its role in the early diagnosis of LCa. Item Number (N) Sexuality (male/female) Age (year) T (°C) Pause (per/min) Respiration (per/min) SBP (mmHg) DBP (mmHg) WBC count (×109/L) Neutrophil count (×109/L) Neutrophil percentage (%) Monocyte count (×109/L) Monocyte percentage (%) Pulmonary complications.
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