Pengetahuan, Sikap, dan Tindakan Masyarakat tentang Filariasis Limfatik di Kecamatan Kodi Balaghar, Kabupaten Sumba Barat Daya

Abstract

Kaki Gajah (elephantiasis) is a chronic non-communicable disease caused by filarial worms (microfilaria) and transmitted by many species of mosquitoes. Commonly, this disease was called filariasis. The Sumba Barat Daya Regency was declared as endemic filariasis because it’s microfilariae rates was more than 1%. The research was carried out to observe the relationship between knowledge, attitudes, and practices of the microfilaria positive respondents and negative respondents with filaria incident. The study was conducted at Kodi Balaghar district of Sumba Barat Daya Regency from April to November in 2014 by cross-sectional research design. Respondents obtained by purposive sampling. The data analyzed by univariate and bivariate analysis methods. The result showed that filariasis patients were found in respondents who have low education or never study at school, 30‒45 years old, and a farmer. The statistical tests showed P-value for 0.000 and explain about the knowledge level, attitude, and practice of the filaria incident. The analysis of knowledge variable shows that Relative Risk (RR) = 6.000 and explains that the probability of the patients with low knowledge was 6.000 times compared to the patients with high knowledge, attitude/perception variable had RR = 3.333, and explains that the probability of the patients with a negative attitude was 3.333 times compared to the patients with positive attitude/perception. Practices variables had RR = 1.824 and explain that the probability of the patients with false practices was 1.824 times compared to the patients with true practices. It was a conclusion that Positive respondents of filariasis had lower education and knowledge level compared to positive respondents of filariasis. Meanwhile, the filariasis patients had a negative attitude and practices for controlling transmission risk and had false practice for disease prevention compared to the respondents who did not have filariasis.