PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN GARAM BERIODIUM STANDAR TERHADAP STATUS IODIUM ANAK SEKOLAH DASAR YANG MENGONSUMSI MAKANAN SUMBER IODIUM TINGGI DI DAERAH NON ENDEMIK

Abstract

Background. IDD survey results indicate the high incidence of hyperthyroidism atschoolchildren in most areas, including Semarang (42.0%). Households that consumeiodized salt with >= 30 ppm (above minimal requirement) in the region is already high(80.0%). Because people living in non-endemic coastal areas assumed to consumehigher iodine from food sources, the role of iodine in salt for causing hyperthyroidsymptoms need to be investigated. Objective. Examining the effects of iodizedsalt (SNI >=30 ppm) consumption for the adequacy of iodine in elementary schoolchildren who consume high iodine foods sources in non endemic regions coastalarea. Method. Study design was quasi experimental. The intervention materials werestandardized iodized salt (>=30 ppm KIO3). The study was conducted in SemarangCity and Magelang District for 9 months. Samples were 160 grade 4-6 elementaryschool children Research variables were urinary iodine excretion (24-hours urinesamples); consumption of iodine food sources, nutritional status, iodized salt, andnutrients intake. Results. Pretest result in group I (coastal area) showed that themedian value of urinary iodine excretion (UIE) in subject was 191 ug/day (normal).The proportion of subjects with iodine deficiency and excess were 10.4 and 23.4%.Pretest result in group II (non-coastal area) showed the median value of UIE insubjects was 96 ug/day (deficience). The proportion of subjects with iodine deficiencyand excess were 51.8 and 1.2 percents. After 9 months intervention, group I showedthe median value of UIE in subject was 148 ug/day (normal category). The proportionof subjects with iodine deficiency and excess were 28.6 and 13 percents. In groupII, after 9 months intervention, the median value of UIE in subjects was 83 ug/day(deficience). The proportion of subjects with iodine deficiency and excess were 60.2and 2.4 percents. Conclusion. After 9 months standardized iodized salt (>=30 ppmKIO3) intervention, school children in the coastal area (with high iodine food sourcesconsumption), still had normal range in the median value of UIE. Keywords: food sources of iodine, iodized salt, school children, urinary iodineexcretion.