Abstract
Udang Penaeus vannamei adalah komoditas unggulan di Indonesia, namun udang mengalami penurunan kualitas yang cukup signifikan selama penyimpanan. Menyebabkan daya simpannya cukup singkat yaitu kurang dari 10 hari pada penyimpanan di suhu 0-4oC. Metode penyimpanan dingin atau beku menjadi cara yang paling banyak digunakan. Penurunan kualitas tetap berlangsung selama proses penyimpanan dibawah suhu rendah, oleh karena itu dibutuhkan edible coating untuk membantu menjaga kualitas udang. Penelitian dilakukan guna mengetahui pengaruh penambahan Spirulina pada edible coating kitosan untuk menambah daya simpan udang Vaname. Dilakukan uji susut bobot udang, uji organoleptik, dan analisis mikrobiologi. Hasil rata-rata susut bobot paling kecil diperoleh oleh udang dengan pelapis kitosan + Spirulina 2% yaitu sebesar 1,260%. Hal ini menunjukkan Spirulina memiliki dampak dalam mengurangi susut bobot udang walaupun tidak signifikan hasilnya (p<5). Hasil organoleptik didapati nilai udang dengan pelapis kitosan mendapatkan hasil paling kecil yaitu sebesar 7,2, sedangkan udang lainnya mendapatkan nilai sebesar 7,4. Hasil TPC didapati adanya penurunan pada udang dengan edible coating Spirulina 1,5% yaitu dari 16.000 koloni/g menjadi 8.900 koloni/g. Hasil untuk pengujian terhadap E.coli dan S.aureus masih di ambang batas yaitu <3 APM/g. Kesimpulannya didapatkan bahwa Edible coating dengan bahan tambahan Spirulina terbukti mampu menambah daya simpan udang Vaname dan konsentrasi paling efektif adalah 1,5%. Pada konsentrasi ini edible coating mampu menekan susut bobot udang sebesar ±3,54%, menekan pertumbuhan mikroorganisme, dan mampu mempertahankan kualitas udang secara organoleptis. Penaeus vannamei shrimp is a leading commodity in Indonesia, but shrimp experience a significant decline in quality during storage. This causes its shelf life to be quite short, namely less than 10 days when stored at 0-4oC. The cold or frozen storage method is the most widely used. Quality degradation continues to occur during the storage process at low temperatures, so edible coating is needed to help maintain shrimp quality. Research was conducted to determine the effect of adding Spirulina to chitosan edible coating on increasing the shelf life of Vaname shrimp. Shrimp weight loss tests, organoleptic tests, and microbiological analysis have been carried out. The smallest average weight loss results were obtained for shrimp with a 2% chitosan + Spirulina layer, namely 1.260%. This shows that Spirulina has an impact in reducing shrimp weight, although the results are not significant (p<5). Organoleptic results showed that shrimp coated with chitosan had the lowest value, namely 7.2, while other shrimp received a value of 7.4. The TPC results showed a decrease in shrimp given edible coating Spirulina 1.5%, namely from 16,000 colonies/g to 8,900 colonies/g. The test results for E. coli and S. aureus are still at the threshold, namely <3 APM/g. In conclusion, edible coating with the addition of Spirulina has been proven to be able to increase the shelf life of Vaname shrimp and the most effective concentration is 1.5%. At this concentration, edible coating can reduce shrimp weight loss by ±3.54%, suppress the growth of microorganisms, and can maintain organoleptic shrimp quality.
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