Pengaruh Iradiasi Sinar Gama terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Regenerasi Kalus Padi Varietas Ciherang dan Inpari 13

Abstract

<p>Effect of gamma irradiation on rice callus depends<br />on the irradiation dose used. Irradiation dose is one of the<br />factors that affect the genetic changes in the cells of plants.<br />High doses can result in tissue death, meanwhile low doses<br />will result in abnormal changes in plant phenotype. The level<br />of sensitivity of a plant tissue against gamma irradiation is<br />different. This study aimed to evaluate the growth and<br />regeneration of callus in various irradiation doses of gamma<br />ray. The plant materials used were mature embryos of rice<br />var. Ciherang and Inpari 13. This study used a completely<br />randomized design with gamma irradiation treatment at<br />doses of 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, and 100 Gy. Each<br />treatment consisted of 10 replicates with 5 embryogenic calli<br />per bottle. The results showed that the increasing doses of<br />gamma irradiation increased the percentage of dead callus,<br />inhibited callus growth, and its ability to regenerate. The<br />high percentages of callus of Ciherang and Inpari 13 that<br />formed green spots and adventitious shoots were mostly<br />obtained from controls. The percentages decreased at<br />irradiation doses of 10, 20, 30, and 40 Gy. Moreover, the calli<br />of Ciherang and Inpari 13 were not able to form adventitious<br />shoots at irradiation doses higher than 40 Gy and 30 Gy,<br />respectively.</p>