Abstract
Food security is the government's top priority in eradicating hunger. The government continues to make an innovation, so that food needs in Indonesia are fulfilled. One of them is increasing the rice harvest index to 5 times through the ratoon system. Currently, ratoon productivity is only 40-50% lower than its parent plant. Utilization of technology in the ratoon system is expected to increase plant productivity. This study aims to increase the productivity of the ratun by increasing the number of tillers which increase the growth of the ratoon. The experiment was arranged in completely randomized design (CRD). The factor tested were nitrogen dose (50 kg ZA / ha, 100 kg ZA / ha, 150 kg ZA / ha, 200 kg ZA / ha, and 250 kg ZA / ha) repeated 4 times. The parent rice plant which used in the ratoon system was Inpari-32 variety. Collecting data were consisted number of tillers, length of panicles, number of grains per panicle, number of pithy grains, number of empty grains, and leaf chlorophyll content. The result showed that nitrogen application 100, 150, 200, and 250 kg ZA.ha-1 has a significant effect on number of tillers compared to 50 kg ZA.ha-1, but it was not significant for the other observed variables. The optimum nitrogen dose to achieve the maximum number of tillers was 216.75 ZA.ha-1. Increasing the level of nitrogen disposed to increase plant growth and yield component of ratoon rice, although it was not significant difference.
Highlights
Food security is the government's top priority in eradicating hunger
This study aims to increase the productivity of the ratun by increasing the number of tillers which increase the growth of the ratoon
Peningkatan Efisiensi Pupuk Nitrogen pada Padi Sawah dengan Metode Bagan Warna Daun
Summary
Perubahan iklim yang terjadi saat ini menuntut sektor pertanian untuk selalu melakukan adaptasi. Varietas padi toleran terhadap perubahan iklim dapat ditingkatkan masa produksinya melalui penerapan padi ratun. Produktivitas padi ratun berada pada kisaran 40-50% lebih rendah dibandingkan tanaman induknya, namun budidaya padi ratun sangat sesuai untuk daerah yang kekurangan air akibat perubahan iklim [2]. Budidaya padi ratun memberikan peluang untuk meningkatkan intensitas tanam per satuan luas karena durasi tanam lebih singkat, kebutuhan tenaga kerja 50% lebih sedikit, kebutuhan air 60% lebih sedikit, dan kebutuhan biaya lebih rendah walaupun rata-rata hasil 40-50% lebih rendah dibandingkan tanaman induk [3]. Teknologi yang dapat diterapkan pada budidaya padi ratun guna meningkatkan produktivitasnya adalah melalui rangsangan pembentukan anakan. Selain berperan dalam merangsang pembentukan tunas baru, nitrogen juga dapat memicu pertumbuhan anakan ratun padi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan dosis nitrogen terbaik dalam merangsang pembentukan tunas baru dan pertumbuhan anakan ratun padi
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