Pengaruh Dinamika Faktor Lingkungan Terhadap Sebaran Horisontal dan Vertikal Katak

Abstract

ABSTRACT The Effect of Environmental Factors on the Horizontal and Vertical Movement of Frogs. Four environmental factors (moon phase, air temperature, water temperature and air humidity) were measured to determine the impact of environmental factors on the dynamics of horizontal and vertical spread of the frog Rana erythraea, R. nicobariensis and Occidozyga lima in a wetland area of Ecology Park, LIPI Campus Cibinong. Observation was done follows transect line (100 meters long) and set along the edge of the lake where the habitat was more diverse compared to the other sites. Observations were carried out from July to November 2009. The position of individual frogs (distance from water’s edge and height from the ground or water) was recorded and then grouped into intervals of 100 cm distance and height each. Correlation analysis between the number of individuals per unit distance or height with environmental factors was measured using the statistical program SPSS version 16.0. The results of this study proved that the air and water temperature as well as air humidity have significant effect on horizontal and vertical ecological distribution of R. erythraea and R. nicobariensis; whereas four environmental factors had no impact on horizontal distribution of O. lima. The movement of R. erythraea was strongly positively correlated with air temperature, but strongly negatively correlated with air humidity; however the abundance of R. nicobariensis was strongly negatively correlated with air temperature and strongly positively correlated with air humidity. Mixed vegetation of species Leerxia hexandra and Eleocharis dulcis at a distance between 0-100 cm from the edge of the water and height between 0-100 cm from the ground constituted the preferred microhabitat of frog species R. erythraea and R. nicobariensis. Key words: Environmental factors, Rana erythraea, Rana nicobariensis, Occidoziga lima, Ecology Park, wetland.