Pengaruh bentuk morfologi bunga tanaman refugia terhadap ketertarikan serangga polinator dan musuh alami Ordo Hymenoptera

Abstract

The refugia plant is a flowering plant that functions as a shelter and food source for natural enemy insects and pollinator insects. The number of natural enemy insects and pollinators visiting plants is due to differences in morphological characters, flower color, nectar, flowering time and aroma. insects like small flowers, open petals, easy-to-reach pollen locations and also a longer flowering time. Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 4 replications and 8 treatments of flower types, namely Cosmos caudatus, Zinna elegans, Melampodium divaricatum, Tegestes erecta, Cucumis sativus L., Bassica rapa, Solanum melongena L., Lycopersicum esculentum Mill. The results showed that the percentage of Melampodium divaricatum Produced the percentage of parasitoid insects from the Chalcidade family is 17% and Braconidae 16?. Most of the visitors to C. caudatus flowers are parasitoid insects from the Braconidae family, 18%. In Zinnia sp flowers, parasitoid insect visits from the Pompilidae family were 19%. T. erecta flowers that visit pollinator insects from the family Apidae 23%. In the type of horticultural flower, namely C. sativus , the largest in the predatory insect family Ampulicidae is 25%. , whereas in the flowers of the B. rapa family Barconidae 39%, S. melongena L. Ichenumonidae and Braconidae 33% , L. esculentum Mill. Icneumonidae as much as 38% of these insects as parasitoids. Best treatment for M. divaricatum flowers with open flower types, pollen location outside, crown diameter 23.44 mm, base diameter 11.48 mm, flower tube length 5.22 mm, flowering time 24.25 days.