Penetapan Parameter Standar Simplisia dan Ekstrak Etanol Daun Ganitri (Elaeocarpus serratus L.)

Ari Purnomo Aji,Sinta Wahyu Septiani,Naelaz Zukhruf Wakhidatul Kiromah,Wahyu Rahmatulloh

doi:10.30595/pharmacy.v17i1.8833

Ari Purnomo Aji, Sinta Wahyu Septiani + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.30595/pharmacy.v17i1.8833

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Abstract

Ceylon olive (Elaeocarpus serratus L.) leaves have shown many pharmacological effects. Standardization of crude drug and extract needs to be conducted to assure the quality of the said material and further to support the pharmacological, pharmacokinetics, and toxicity effects. Standardization of Ceylon olive leaf extract is carried out to determine the standard parameters of crude drug and ethanolic extract of Ceylon olive leaves. Determination of the quality standard of crude drug and extract includes specific and non-specific parameters. The extract was obtained from a 70% ethanol maceration method with a yield of 16.02%. Macroscopic observations showed crude drugs of Ceylon olive leaves occurred as green in color, lanceolate leaves, 2-12 mm stems, and jagged leaves not deep, black spots, 10-15 side leaf bones, 6-18 cm long and 2-6 cm wide. Organoleptic of ethanolic extract of Ceylon olive showed thick consistency, blackish-brown colored, with a distinctive odor and a bitter taste. The water-soluble extractive value in crude drugs and extract was 16.48 and 51.54%, while the ethanol-soluble extractive value was 23.17 and 53.67%, respectively. The extract contained tannins, flavonoids, terpenoids, and saponins. Moisture content in the crude drugs and extracts was 22.09 and 25.53%. Total ash content in crude drugs and extracts was 33.53 and 30.62%, while their acid-insoluble ash content was 15.94 and 10.06%, respectively. Loss on drying of the crude drugs and extracts was 20.52 and 23.84% respectively. As the standard parameters of crude drugs and ethanolic extract of Ceylon olive leaves are not yet included in any formal monograph in Indonesia, the values of parameters reported in this study should be used as the reference of the standard quality parameter for those materials.

Highlights

Indonesia is one of the countries that have a large number of plants, where 30,000 species are high-level plants and which have been botany identified about 1000 types of plants (Saifudin et al, 2011)
Determination of quality standards carried out includes specific and non-specific parameters. Determination of this standardization value needs a reference to indicate that the crude drug and extract meet the specified requirements
The official standardization guidelines for ceylon olive leaves have not been listed in the Ministry of Health publications or other sources, so as a reference this research is to use general requirements

Summary

Introduction

Indonesia is one of the countries that have a large number of plants, where 30,000 species are high-level plants and which have been botany identified about 1000 types of plants (Saifudin et al, 2011). The development and use of medicinal plants in Indonesia have been directed to improve health, prevent disease, restore health, and cure disease. One of the plants that have the potential to be developed as an alternative treatment is ceylon olive. The ceylon olive plant (Elaeocarpus ganitrus Roxb) is a plant known as a sacred and revered tree in India, known as Rudraksha. The ceylon olive plant (Elaocarpus ganitrus Roxb) has been used as traditional Hindu medicine (ayuverdi). Several studies state that ceylon olive plants both seeds and leaves have pharmacological activities, namely anti-inflammatory and analgesic, CNS, sedative, hypnotic, antidepressant, antiasthma, antidiabetic, antibacterial, antifungal, and anticonvulsant (Swati et al, 2008). Chemical content of ceylon olive plants that can provide pharmacological effects, namely alkaloids, phenolics, tannins, flavonoids and fatty acids (Kumar et al, 2014)

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