Abstract

Pelagic ecosystems cover more than 70% of the surface of the earth. Their species diversity and richness are related to physicochemical and biological processes acting at a range of temporal and spatial scales. They are strongly influenced by atmosphere–ocean (coupling) interactions related to hydrodynamic processes. Pelagic biodiversity is part of the ocean's complex, adaptive ecosystem, and the interactions between species diversity and food web dynamics. The study of changes in biodiversity patterns in relation to natural and anthropogenic variability in pelagic ecosystem structure and function need to be considered for a sustainable global ecosystems policy for the next millennium.

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