Pelagia noctiluca jellyfish: Can lesions and symptoms be prevented or ameliorated?

Abstract

Objective: Pelagia noctiluca is a very common jellyfish found on European and Mediterranean coasts. Its venom can induce small to severe skin lesions and systemic toxicity. Hypertonicity and modulation of pH could prevent more nematocysts from discharging and relieve symptoms. Methods: This open-label observational study was performed on Mediterranean beaches by rescuers under the authorization of the Ministère de l’Interieur en France (French Ministry of the Interior). Lesions were evaluated for size, general appearance, erythema, pain, and edema. A hypertonic amphoteric solution, Jellywash® solution (Laboratoire Prevor, Valmondois, France), was used for decontamination regardless the delay. Results: 64 victims were exposed to Pelagia noctiluca jellyfish. 78% were > 30 years old, with 27 females and 37 males. 83% of the lesions were small (less than 50 cm2). 78% of the exposed victims were treated within the first 40 minutes. Decontamination had positive results for general appearance in 80% of the victims. Pain decreased in 97% of cases with complete relief in 58% and no effect in 3%. Decontamination was followed by decreased edema in 86% of cases, had a minor effect in 8%, and no effect in 6%. Conclusion: Decontamination with a hypertonic amphoteric solution can potentially help ameliorate or prevent development of lesions and symptoms due to contact with Pelagia noctiluca jellyfish.