Abstract
Proper osseointegration is crucial for the success of dental and orthopedic implants. Titanium-6Aluminum-4Vanadium (TAV) is one of the most popular implant materials; however, polyetheretherketone (PEEK) has gained the interest of implant researchers and manufacturers over the past several years due to its lower modulus of elasticity compared to metallic implant materials. Porosity and patterned surface morphologies are thought to improve mechanical interlocking and play an important role in the differentiation of pre-osteoblasts into mature osteoblasts. This study aimed to determine the effects a macro patterned PEEK surface has on the material’s mechanical properties and the proliferation, differentiation, and maturation of pre-osteoblasts. Mechanical testing data indicated that the macro patterning improved the mechanical interlocking and has no detrimental effect on compression strength. DNA data and live/dead imaging showed that pre-osteoblasts on solid PEEK specimens did not readily differentiate but instead encouraged proliferation only. However, ALP data in comparison to the DNA data showed that cells on patterned PEEK specimens more readily entered the differentiation pathway to mineralization. This is further confirmed by the patterned PEEK specimens showing an overall higher amount of cell mineralization. Clinical significance: This study concludes that surface macro patterning of PEEK material increases the mechanical interlocking and enhances the osseointegration capability without diminishing mechanical properties.
Highlights
Osseointegration occurs at the interface between bone and an implant surface, which is crucial for the success of long-term implants [1,2,3]
About 5% of dental and 10% of orthopedic implants fail due to aseptic loosening caused by poor osseointegration [2,3,4].Titanium-6Aluminum-4Vanadium (TAV) is a popular implant material used in load bearing dental and orthopedic applications because of its biocompatibility and excellent mechanical properties, such as tensile strength, elastic modulus, and resistance to fatigue www.acquirepublications.org/JDOE Journal of Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology fracture [5,6]
In this study we evaluated the mechanical properties of macro patterned PEEK and the effect the pattern had on preosteoblast proliferation, differentiation, and mineralization
Summary
Osseointegration occurs at the interface between bone and an implant surface, which is crucial for the success of long-term implants [1,2,3]. PEEK has become a popular alternative to TAV and other metallic implants in an effort to reduce stress shielding, overcome MRI artifacts, and reduce x-ray scattering [12,13,14,15]. Recent research has suggested that cells receive osteogenic cues from certain topographical features that are on the micro- and nano- scale [32,33] This has led to the implementation of patterning surfaces, mostly on polymeric surfaces, in order to enhance bone growth [32,33,34]. In this study we evaluated the mechanical properties of macro patterned PEEK and the effect the pattern had on preosteoblast proliferation, differentiation, and mineralization These effects were observed through surface characterization and biochemical characterization. The research hypothesis evaluated was that patterning of PEEK would improve mechanical interlocking, cellular adhesion, and promote more cellular differentiation and mineralization compared to smooth surface PEEK
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary 
Published Version (
Free)
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call