Abstract
Agent-based modelling is an approach to develop a design strategy in socio-related studies to understand pedestrian behavior by using simulation through validation using field observation. This study area has a historic city so that having several potential advantages as destination tourists and also having urban issues. Some facilities disseminate prosperous for domestic tourist destinations, transportation hubs (land and water-based transport), and public facilities. The purpose is to develop a design strategy of pedestrian behavior in urban space to be procedure based on computational modelling. By merging the result, it helps designers to depict pedestrian movement flow, permeability, and connectivity patterns, which represent the presumptions of the origins or source of movement, destinations, generators, and attractors of movement. This simulation examines and valuates spatial behavior models allowing to route preferences of each pedestrian in order to be used in the strategy of design process for architect, urban planner, or other designer stakeholders. The result will imply a walkable pedestrian-way design, where this approach of a pedestrian experience might be an effective tool in city planning.
Highlights
Previous work by researchers has established that most of the pedestrian simulations are conducted for pedestrian flows and evacuation scenarios in crowded infrastructures and simulate pedestrian movement in an urban outdoor environment, especially for planning purposes (Knura, 2019)
This study has considered three stages, they are (1) identify boundary site, which refers to the physical environment and sort of activities, (2) setting agent variables, which refer to agent sources as the main source of movement and some controllers to influence of pedestrian movement, how pedestrian choose their route to fulfill their destination agenda, and (3) agent-based simulation, which refers to simulation process, which will describe the actual process of walking and pedestrian behavior reaction to avoid collisions with obstacles or other pedestrians
This simulation classifies operational simulation into two developed scenarios simulation (Figure 9); (a) agents based pedestrians react and respond to the activity surrounding them, for instance, site boundaries, the physical environment, and other agents, (b) agents are steered by following a given set of scenarios as a destination agenda, for example, some locations to reach, a certain flocking agent wants or attracts to walk with, and a wayfinding heuristic rule to the destination. These studies and these scenarios indicate that waypoint and wayfinding pedestrian author can conclude that most of pedestrian trail is influenced by several various attractors which describe density level of pedestrian movement in this area, especially in tourism area
Summary
Previous work by researchers has established that most of the pedestrian simulations are conducted for pedestrian flows and evacuation scenarios in crowded infrastructures and simulate pedestrian movement in an urban outdoor environment, especially for planning purposes (Knura, 2019). Agent-based simulation approached human movement has a purposive movement result in models that exemplify explicitly the origins and destinations or the attractors and generators of movement These assumptions in rational choice or agents’ route decision are either predefined as travel time (Penn & Turner, 2001) and pattern movement can facilitate people to move in an urban environment and indicate how pedestrians are able to adjust the street environment and usable space (Beavon et al, 1994). If the movement activities on pedestrian experience are not addressed and distributed effectively in design, lack of pedestrian concern, it would show a decisive miss match on balanced land use planning to develop sustainable walkability (AlMamun, Begum, & Mowla, 2018) According to these researchers to date has tended to concern for social science in an indoor or urban outdoor environment for planning and design study, such as station, airport, and pedestrian flows in crowded infrastructures by using agent-based modelling. This constructive modelling simulation aims to help decision-makers and urban designers in the strategy of the decisionmaking process for developing a plan in the tourism area
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