PECULIARITIES OF THE COURSE OF PREGNANCY AGAINST THE BACKGROUND OF GENITAL INFECTIONS

Abstract

The article provides an analysis of literature data on the course of pregnancy in the presence of genital infections. To date, there are no clear criteria for the diagnosis of intrauterine infection, and the relationships between the infection of the fetus during pregnancy with various types of microorganisms have not been clarifi ed. Congenital infection is one of the most important medical and social problems of modern obstetrics and perinatology. Clinical manifestations depend on the type and virulence of the causative agent, the course of the infectious process in the mother (acute, latent, stage of remission or exacerbation), massiveness of insemination, ways of infection penetration into the body of the pregnant woman, immunological reactivity of the woman, gestation period at infection. In the case of an infectious disease of the mother, during pregnancy, the embryo and fetus are aff ected not only by pathogens, but also by toxic substances that are formed when the mother’s metabolism is disturbed, hyperthermia and hypoxia of tissues, which are observed during an exacerbation. The period of gestation plays an important, and sometimes leading, role in the development of the disease. With the infl uence of infection, in the fetal period, intrauterine infection and death of the fetus, miscarriage, fetoplacental insu ffi ciency are also possible. Under these conditions, the formation of a complex of pathological changes in the fetus is possible, which can be the direct cause of its ante- and postnatal death. When the fetus is infected before delivery, the manifestations of intrauterine infection depend on the stage of the disease. If at the time of delivery the disease is in the initial phase, then the infection manifests itself within the fi rst 3 days after birth. If childbirth takes place at the fi nal stage of the disease, disadaptation syndrome is more often observed in the early neonatal period, later, chronicity of the process and persistent latent infection are possible. Childbirth is a critical period, during which the development of an infectious process in the fetus can be caused even by the opportunistic microfl ora of the vagina, which is not clinically evident in the mother.