PECULIARITIES OF THE CORONAVIRUS INFECTION CLINICAL COURSE CAUSED BY SARS-COV2 IN CHILDREN POPULATION (LITERARY REVIEW)

Abstract

The coronavirus SARS has been known since 2002. In 2019 the rapid spread of the virusSARS-CoV-2 caused a global pandemic. The article provides an analysis of informationon the origin and structure of the virus, discusses the epidemiological aspects ofcoronavirus infection and the main links of pathogenesis, describes data on the mainclinical manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 in children and the long-term consequences ofthe disease, such as multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children and adolescents(MIS-C), focused attention on diagnostic tools, methods of treatment and prevention.The purpose – to analyze and summarize information about the peculiarities of thecourse of the coronavirus infection caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus among children, itsepidemiological characteristics and means of prevention.Conclusions. 1. Knowledge of the epidemiological and clinical features of the novelcoronavirus disease COVID-19 in the child population needs constant updating, as manyaspects of the clinical course of infection in children remain unclear. 2. CoV-2 affectschildren less frequently and less aggressively than adults, with very low mortality, whichmay be due to a rarer exposure to major sources of transmission (e. g. nosocomial) anda predisposition to significantly milder disease symptoms. 3. Laboratory and radiologicalfindings in sick children with symptoms are mostly non-specific, but they can help identifypatients in severe conditions. 4. Due to mutations of the virus, scientific studies of theclinical and pathogenetic features of the course and prevention of COVID-19 continue,because the consequences of the transferred disease require further study. 5. Vaccinationof children today is one of the important preventive measures to prevent the complicatedcourse of acute respiratory disease associated with SARS-CoV-2.