PECULIARITIES OF OPERATION OF A SHORT-BASE COMPACT LOADER WITH LATERAL ROTATION WHEN PERFORMING A U-TURN

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The article reviews the features of the operation of small-sized bucket loaders. An analysis of publications has shown that there are currently no recommendations for assessing the dynamic stability of a small-sized bucket loader with an on-board steering system when making a turn. Existing methods consider only static stability, which does not sufficiently describe the process of machine stability during turning. The operation of such machines on construction sites shows that they can lose stability when making a turn. Existing methods consider only static stability, which does not sufficiently describe the process of machine stability during turning. The purpose of this article is to study and develop a methodology for calculating the indicators of the oscillatory process and dynamic stability of a short-base loader with an on-board steering system and to determine the critical overturning angle and the period of the main oscillation form. Along with the assessment of stability in the design positions for conventional wheeled loaders, the stability of the machines under consideration is analysed when one of the sides is suddenly braked. Considering the dynamic stability of the loader when it is turning relative to one fixed side, we believe that the centrifugal force suddenly applied to the centre of mass of the loader initially excites oscillations of the machine on elastic running wheels, and then the oscillation process can intensify due to wheel sliding in the area of contact with the bearing surface. The criterion for loss of stability is the possible detachment of at least one wheel from the road surface. The dynamic stability of the forklift is assessed by the angle of forward deviation of the centre of mass of the forklift with the largest load relative to the static balance position. The position of the unstable equilibrium of the forklift corresponds to the position of the centre of mass on the vertical axis passing through the axis of the front wheels. The dependences of the period of the main form of oscillations for determining the stability of bucket wheel loaders with an on-board steering system have been established.