Abstract
Objective: To evaluate of the microstructure of the salivary glands of experimental animals born from of females rats, who were subjected to different modes of motor activity during the pregnancy: limited and compensated by regular moderate training. Material and Methods: The sample was composed 84 three-month-old descendants of Wistar rats which were divided into three groups: G1 (n = 27): posterity of female rats, who during gestation were in standard conditions; G2 (n = 25): posterity of female rats, who during pregnancy were in hypokinesia conditions; G3 (n = 32): which stayed in conditions of hypokinesia, but had running load in running wheel regularly 5 times a week. Results: In adult descendants of G2, morphological structure of the submandibular salivary glands was characterized by decrease size and number of glandular cells; reduction of their cytoplasm; increase in heterochromatin amount and decrease in the intensity of fuchsinophilia. Microstructure of the submandibular salivary glands of the offspring of G3 indicates positive effect of regular short-term physical activity on the morphofunctional state of the specified glands. An increased number of tissue basophils in their stroma is also in favor of greater functional activity of salivary glands. Conclusion: This study indicates deceleration of the metabolic processes in salivary glands of animals under the influence of hypokinesia of their mothers during pregnancy. It was also confirmed that regular physical activity completely eliminates the negative effect of mothers' hypokinesia on morphology the salivary glands of the descendant.
Highlights
Mouth fluid is a constant and necessary component ensuring the proper functioning of organs and tissues of the human oral cavity
Material and Methods The experimental study consisted of the following steps: selection and adaptation of the females Wistar rats to the experimental conditions, male planting, distribution of experimental animals by groups depending on the conditions of stay, carrying of pregnancy and getting offspring
The histological structure of the large submandibular glands of the offspring of female rats, which during the pregnancy were subjected to different motor activity, had common features irrespective of the conditions of management, namely: outside, the glands had a connective tissue capsule, with trabecular membranes dividing the glands into the lobes extending away from it
Summary
Mouth fluid is a constant and necessary component ensuring the proper functioning of organs and tissues of the human oral cavity. All processes, both physiological and pathological, occur in the oral cavity in the conditions of its constant presence. Decrease of functional activity of the salivary glands has negative consequences, which leads to deterioration of cleansing of the organs of the oral cavity and, increase in microbial contamination, even oral dysbiosis. The latter, in turn, is a powerful impetus for development of the most common dental diseases, including periodontal tissue diseases [8]
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