Peculiarities of intensive care at destructive pneumonias in children

Abstract

In spite of success in treatment and diagnostics attained last years the problem of an acute pneumonia remains actual, this fact is caused by the growing rate of prolonged clinical course and unfavorable clinical outcomes. The growth of antibiotic resistance of microflora is a substantial problem. In addition even the most vigorous modern antibacterial preparations are not effective without an adequate surgical sanitation of the nidus of infection. The aim of the work is to improve the therapy of destructive pneumonia in children that need an intensive care. Methods. 12 patients 9 month – 12 years old who underwent the treatment of heavy community-acquired pneumonia were under observation. There was carried out an X-ray examination at admission and in dynamics, microbiological examination of lavages from the respiratory tract, pleural exudate and blood, determination of laboratory indexes of intoxication (by Kalf-Kalif, Dashtayants, Lubimova) and the level of the middle molecules. The statistical analysis was done using the program package Microsoft Excel and StatSoft 6. Results. In the course of microbiological examination it was demonstrated the prevalence of gram-negative flora and its associations with gram-positive one, the purely gram-positive flora was detected only in 25 % of children. So there was proved an inefficiency of antibiotics that effect mainly on the gram-positive microorganisms. In addition the cephalosporins of the third generation were found insufficiently effective. Such preparations as carbapenems or protected penicillins were chosen in vitro and according to its clinical efficiency. Plasmapheresis and bronchoscopy are useful in the complex therapy. Thoracoscopy must be carried out if the conservative treatment is not effective Conclusions. At present the gram-negative flora and its associations with gram-positive one prevails in etiological structure of the heavy community-acquired pneumonias that must be taken into account choosing the start preparations for empirical therapy. In the cases of insufficient efficiency of conservative therapy an active surgical tactics must be used.