PECULIARITIES OF GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF SUNFLOWER DEPENDING ON BIOPREPARATIONS

Abstract

Pre-sowing treatment of seeds with biological products is now one of the promising agricultural techniques inthe technology of growing crops. Most seeds are treated before or just before sowing. The use of biological products,in the first place, increases the resistance of seedlings and plants against adverse environmental influences, diseasesand pests, activation of plant growth and development, which in turn should lead to increased yields and productquality. Evaluation of the effect of the studied biological products on field germination showed that the biologicalproducts Flavobacterin and Mizorin, as in laboratory studies, had a more stimulating effect on the germination ofsunflower seeds. As a result of pre-sowing treatment of sunflower seeds with these biological products, the fieldsimilarity over the years of research (2019–2021) was 92.0 and 93.7 %, respectively, for biological products, with87 % under control. Pre-sowing treatment of seeds with other studied biological products also contributed to theincrease of field germination against control: Albite – 89.2 %; Extrasol – 91.0 %. A slight effect on the effect onsunflower yield was in the version with the biological product Flafobacterin on all three methods of application.Thus, when using this biological product, the yield compared to the control increased by the methods of applicationof 0.03–0.23 t/ha. In addition, for each biological product, you can find the most effective way to use it, as a result ofwhich it is possible to obtain the largest collection of oil per unit area. Thus, the biological product Albit workedmost effectively with double treatment (pre-sowing seed treatment + spraying on vegetative plants), in this case theyield was 2.9 t/ha. The active substance of Albit is polybetahydroxybutyric acid from soil bacteria, the substance ismore resistant to environmental factors than the living microorganisms. Therefore, there is also the effect ofspraying vegetative plants, in contrast to biological products containing live microorganisms.