PECULIARITIES OF EMOTIONAL REACTION TO EXTREME CIRCUMSTANCES OF LIFE

Abstract

The article conceptualizes the problems of studying the phenomenon of the emotional sphere and emotional states of the individual. The content of scientific concepts that reveal the problem of emotional expression is generalized, scientific ideas about the influence of emotional expression on reactions to extreme circumstances of life are expanded. The study of the peculiarities of human behavior in situations of frustration is analyzed and the peculiarities of the manifestation of extrapunitive, introspective and impunitive emotional reactions of the individual are considered. The probability of manifestation of a certain level of somatic, behavioral and emotional components of stress in a situation of war is shown by studying the peculiarities of the direction of emotional reactions. It is established that individuals who demonstrate low levels of stress during the war have an impunitive orientation of emotional reactions, while individuals with an average level of stress are characterized by introspective emotional reactions. It was found that there is a direct correlation between high levels of stress and extrapunitive direction of emotional reactions. The main predictors of the formation of the presented emotional reactions and, as a result, the presence of an appropriate response to long-term stressful situations were identified. The article shows that the extrapunitive orientation of emotional reactions is determined by such factors as the cognitive-affective component of depression and a low level of well-being, activity and mood with a high level of propensity to use such a protective mechanism as projection. It was found that the predictor of intrapunitive orientation is a high level of depersonalization, a high level of aggression in relationships and depression, low level of mood. The following predictors of the impunitive orientation of emotional reaction were found: low scores on the scale of neuroticism, somatic manifestations of depression and the ability to recognize the emotions of others.