Peculiarities of Development in the City of Changchun at the End of the 19th–the First Third of the 20th Centuries

Abstract

This work is devoted to identifying and defining the features of the formation of the planning structure of the city of Changchun at the end of the 19th– first third of the 20th century, which in a relatively short time transformed from a small settlement into the capital of the pro-Japanese puppet state of Manchukuo. The object of the study is the urban development of the city of Changchun in the period under review. The subject of the study is the peculiarities of the influence of Russian and Japanese architects on the development of the structure of the general plan of the city. In the course of the work, the main stages of the development of the planning structure of the city against the background of socio-cultural, economic and political changes affecting Manchuria are analyzed. The history of the settlement formation and its development within the framework of the traditional Chinese urban planning school based on the modular system and the formation of the "Chinese square" is briefly considered. The stage of Changchun's development as a Russian station of the Kuancheng is considered in more detail, where the city developed in accordance with the standard development of the 4th Class railway stations. The analysis of the Japanese period of development, characterized by a gradual increase in the status of the city, due to its nodal position, uniting the CER and the SMR. The stage of development of the urban planning structure as the capital of Manchukuo Xinjing was studied, when a comprehensive development plan was developed based on the latest developments of Japanese architects.