清代至日治時期恆春城內空間變遷研究(1875-1945)

Abstract

The walled city of Hengchun was a city built by the Ching government’s capital as a result of the MuDan Incident. Owing to the background, purpose and signification of setting the walled city in Hengchun were different from the other walled cities in Taiwan, the form’ characteristics and development of cities were so different. The most important research of early studies about the walled city of Hengchun is “The Survey and Plans of the Conservation of on the Walled City of Hengchun in Pingtung” in 1988. Because of the insufficient records and literature, there are many faults about the space of the walled city of Hengchun. In order to correct and complete the faults and insufficiency of the studies about the walled city of Hengchun, this study restored further the space of the walled city of Hengchun in the Ching Dynasty era and furthermore constructed it’s process of development during the Japanese Governance of Taiwan by a good deal of records and literature. Besides, how the walled city of Hengchun developed between the Ching Dynasty and Japanese colonization period and kept the characteristics of the walled city and the modern city were other issues of this study. The process of development of the walled city of Hengchun between the Ching Dynasty and Japanese colonization period comprised tree phase: the beginning era, the developing era and the mature era of the city. The beginning era of the city means the time that Ching government reigned over Hengchun region officially. Due to the hurry of building the walled city and no effective official answers to the problems of natural environment here, the walled city of Hengchun was more like a symbolization of terrotery. When going to early Japanese colonization period, the walled city of Hengchun started the developing era. The Japan government based on the city in Ching Dynasty, and construct this city actively. In the beginning, the inconvenient communication and the insufficient resources make the Japan government keep using the official buildings and facilities. The space of governance in the center of the city was stating to expand with new government organization setting. The walled city of Hengchun became the largest village in the Hengchun region. After middle stage of Showa period, the development of the walled city of Hengchun started going to the mature era of the city. The improvement of communication brought a large number of tourists and stimulated the economic growth. Besides, the public construction was increasing with the level of administrative division rising. The above-mentioned catalytic made the commerce in the walled city of Hengchun not only depend on the consumption of officials. The rising density of population and the gathering groups intensified the division of space of the walled city of Hengchun. The characteristics of development of the walled city of Hengchun from the Ching Dynasty to Japanese colonization period included: strong leading power of government’ the space in the city displaying distinct distribution and obvious spatial transformation. Strong leading power of government was disappearing with the improvement of communication and the development of tourism. The other characteristics could be recognized by the system of streets’ urban planning and building type through to today.