Abstract
Results The broad types of poisoning were identified in about 193 (91.47%) cases of poisoning in this study. Pesticides exposure and food poisoning have, respectively, contributed for 32.70% and 20.91% of the poisoning incidence. On the other hand, chemical from industry has contributed the least percentage (2.81%). Out of a total of 24 agents identified, 26.80% of the agents were organophosphates followed by raw meat (18.40%). Difference in the incidence of poisoning was also observed as seasons in a year change. Among the victims who have taken household materials as a poisoning agent, about 47.87% of them have taken the agents during daytime. The remaining cases of poisoning developed by household chemicals occurred at night. More than half (54.98%) of the poisoned patients have encountered the incidents inside their home. Regarding the final poisoning outcome, about 7.10% poisoning cases in this study died of the poisonings. Factors such as place, time, intention, and source of poisoning were observed to determine poisoning outcomes. Although poisoning attempt was lesser among urban residents as compared to rural community, rural dwellers were four times more likely to die of poisoning they had attempted (AOR: 4.072 (1.197–13.85)). Conclusion This study has clearly showed that the incidence of poisoning was varied with seasonal variations. The encountered poisonings ended up with mixed clinical outcomes, which were also affected by patients' demographic and clinical characteristics. Fertilizers, unclean food items, household materials, and drugs have caused majority of the poisonings. Creating community awareness and designing sound prevention strategies are recommended to reduce morbidity and mortality related to poisoning.
Highlights
Poisoning is one of the major health and health-related problems of our nations
The increasing incidence of poisoning is exceptionally resulting in significant threats including hospitalization and huge financial crisis
Study Setting and Period. is study was conducted in four hospitals selected from three administrative zones of Wollega in the western part of Ethiopia. e study has been undertaken for 11 months from January 10, 2018, to November 10, 2018
Summary
Poisoning is one of the major health and health-related problems of our nations It causes significant mortality and morbidity in many countries. According to a recent report by the World Health Organization, many thousands of people worldwide lose their life annually due to Emergency Medicine International unintentional poisoning, of which more than 90% of the deaths occur in the developing countries [1]. Both pattern and magnitude of poisoning in a particular place rely on various contributing factors. Information of the patterns in terms of nature, severity, and outcome could be helpful in the design of interventions geared at the reduction of morbidity and mortality by taking up appropriate planning, prevention, and management techniques
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