Abstract
The structural and numerical aberrations are known to occur in different species of plants and animals including humans. Paracentic inversions in Drosophila, pericentric inversions in grasshoppers, trananslocations in Oenothera lamarckian and polyploidy in plants have been studied in detail. The genus Drosophiala is an interesting biological model which belongs to the family Drosophilidae (Class-Insecta and Order-Diptera) characterised by rich species diversity at global level and also in India. More than 1500 species have been rereported at global levl and about 150 species from India. Inversions were detected about hundred years ago in Drosophila melanogaster through their suppressive effects on recombination by Sturtevant. Inversion polymorphism caused due to paracentic inversions have been studied in a lage number of species and about 100 species have been found to be chromosomally polymorphic. Inversions polymorphism has been studied in detail in certain species with respect to the patterns and population dynamics of inversion polymorphis. In this article, briefly the patterns and population dynamics of inversion polymorphism have been described in certain species. In several cases, it has been found that inversions are adaptive. But the precise selective mechanisms that maintain them polymorphic in naturlal populations remains poorly uderstood and it has been suggested by molecular evolutionary biologists that recent advances in the area of population genomics, modelling and functional genetics promise to geatly improve our uderstanging of this long standing and fundamental problem in the near future.
Published Version
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