Pattern of admission and outcome of neonates admitted to neonatal intensive care unit of alobaid pediatrics teaching hospital-North Kordofan state, Sudan

Abstract

Background: Neonatal morbidity and mortality in our country is high; In order to improve neonatal outcome, it is crucial to identify the areas where health care can be improved. Therefore, studying the pattern of admission and outcome among neonates can be a valuable tool in auditing hospital performance. Materials and Methods: Descriptive cross sectional hospital based study. This study was covered all neonates fulfills case definition; admitted to NICU of Alobaid pediatric teaching hospital during the period from November 2020 to April. Results: the study show the pattern of admission and outcome among neonates with sample size of 750, most of them admitted at the first 24 hours of birth (94%), (70.8%) were term and almost the half of neonates had birth weight less than 2.5 kg (42.1%). The majority of the admitted neonates were delivered via caesarian-section (62.8%). Moreover, the most common cause of admission among them was prematurity and especially RDS (29%), neonatal sepsis (16.5%) and TTN (14%).About tow third of admitted neonates were discharge on good condition (70%) and the overall mortality was 152 neonates (20.4%). Additionally gestational age, maternal complication and antenatal care follow-up were found to be significantly associated with the neonatal outcome. Conclusion: prematurity, RDS and neonatal sepsis were most common cause of admission and death, all these etiologies are preventable up to some extent, and if detected earlier can be effectively treated in order to reduce morbidity and mortality. As (62.8%) of admitted neonates were delivered via caesarian-section, a revisit for the indications of cesarean deliveries may help to improve the neonatal outcome.