Abstract
Introduction: The neonatal disease pattern is a sensitive indicator of the availability, utilisation and effectiveness of mother and child health services in the community. Community based data are difficult to come by, so hospital based data most often is use to assess the burden of neonatal problems. Aim: To determine the pattern of morbidity, mortality and outcome of neonates admitted into the Special Care Baby Unit (SCBU) of the Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital (UDUTH), Sokoto from 1 st January 2022 to 31st December 2022. Methods: A hospital-based retrospective review of medical records of neonates admitted into the SCBU of UDUTH, Sokoto from 1 st January, 2022 to 31st December, 2022. Information retrieved included the biodata, place of birth, age at admission, diagnosis, duration of hospital stay and outcome. Data was analysed using SPSS version 22. Results: A total of 818 neonates were admitted during the study period, 393(48.0%) were males and 425(52.0%) were females giving a male to female ratio of 1:1.1. Most 606(74.1%) of the patients were out born. Birth Asphyxia 245(30.0%) was the main reason for admission, followed by prematurity 182(22.3%). Majority 653(79.2%) were discharged, 16(2.0%) left against medical advice, while 149(18.2%) of the admitted patients died. Prematurity related death 61(40.9%) and birth Asphyxia were the leading causes of death respectively. Majority 107(71.8%) of the deaths occur among the out-born. Conclusion: Birth asphyxia and prematurity related complications were the main reasons for neonatal admissions and the leading causes of death in this study. Most of the neonatal deaths were from preventable causes. Strengthening perinatal care, emergency obstetric services, facilities for improved preterm care should be provided in secondary and tertiary health facilities and improving the skills of health care providers on neonatal resuscitation are necessary to reduce neonatal mortality
Published Version
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