Pattern and frequency of endometrial changes and pathologies among pregnant and nonpregnant women presented with abnormal uterine bleeding in rural inhabitants of north India: A retrospective secondary data analysis

Abstract

Background: Abnormal uterine bleeding i.e., dysfunctional uterine bleed is one of the most frequent problems that occur in women of all ages. It occurs due to various disorders. Endometrial biopsy remains a preferred sampling procedure for the diagnosis of endometrial pathology. This study was conducted to determine the type, frequency of endometrial pathologies in women presenting with AUB, and their association with different age groups. Materials and Methods: This was retrospective study conducted in Histopathology Section of the Pathology Department of the Rural Institute of Medical Science and Research, Saifai, Etawah. Five hundred and forty seven (547) patients who have undergone endometrial biopsies and who clinically presented with AUB were included in this study. The pattern of endometrial pathologies was diagnosed, classified, and it was compared in terms of age. Result: Out of the 563 patients who have undergone endometrial biopsies and who presented with AUB, 547 were included in study and others were discarded because of scanty tissue. The patients were aged between 15 years and 72 years, and most of the patients were aged between 41 years and 50 years (36.56%). The common clinical presentation was menorrhagia (42.96%). The most common pattern on histopathology was secretory endometrium (28.33%). Pregnancy related pathology was also forming a bulk (17.36%), whereas incidence rate of malignancy was low (1.09%). Conclusion: AUB is the common clinical complaint interfering with the quality of life in healthy women. Endometrial sampling therefore, biopsy or curettage, is an important diagnostic procedure for the evaluation of AUB with special preference above 35 years of age to rule out malignancy.