Patients with diabetic foot ulcers: A qualitative study of patient knowledge, experience, and encountered obstacles

Abstract

BackgroundPatients with diabetes may experience diabetic foot ulcers, which are long-term complications of the disease and can occur due to uncontrolled hyperglycemia. Foot ulcer development is accelerated due to the negligence of the patient and the healthcare professional. ObjectiveTo determine patient knowledge, experiences, and barriers associated with diabetic foot ulcers. MethodsThis was a qualitative descriptive study based on content analysis. The study was conducted with patients admitted to a wound care outpatient clinic in a public hospital in Turkey. The data were collected through detailed telephone interviews. Data saturation was achieved for 11 patients. MAXQDA 20 software was used for the data analysis. The COREQ checklist was utilized to guide the reporting of the studies. ResultsFive themes and 14 subthemes were identified. Themes: etiology; impact; treatment process; barriers; recommendations. According to Theme 1, neglect, pressure, trauma and chronic diseases can lead to diabetic foot wounds. According to Theme 2, physical and psychological effects were observed in the participants. According to Theme 3, participants' treatment management and compliance with treatment affected the diabetic foot recovery process. In Theme 4, it was observed that participants with diabetic foot wounds had difficulties performing daily living activities and physical activities. In Theme 5, the participants’ recommendations for individuals with diabetic foot ulcers included regulating blood sugar, maintaining a healthy lifestyle, providing foot protection and care, and providing professional health support. ConclusionDiabetic foot ulcers developed due to the negligence of patients and physicians. Patients were also afraid of foot amputation. The development of foot ulcers is preventable through the provision of training to spread awareness regarding blood sugar control and diabetic foot ulcers. Early self-recognition of diabetic foot ulcers by patients, along with early intervention attempts by healthcare professionals, are important.