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Abstract
ABSTRACT Objective: to identify and synthesize the scientific evidence on cancer patient safety in the administration of antineoplastic and immunotherapeutic chemotherapeutic agents. Method: a scoping review, according to the Joanna Briggs Institute and to the recommendations of the PRISMA-ScR international guide. The research was conducted in five electronic databases, the Cochrane Library and eight catalogs of theses and dissertations. The inclusion criteria were the following: studies related to patient safety in the administration of antineoplastic and immunotherapeutic chemotherapy by nurses in places where cancer care occurs, published entirely in Portuguese, Spanish and/or English, with no time limit. The extracted data were analyzed and synthesized in narrative form. Results: a total of 14,444 records were retrieved and 47 studies were kept for review. Most publications (44.7%) had a qualitative approach, while 40.4% were quantitative and 14.9%, mixed. When summarizing the findings, the following themes emerged: Safety standards in parenteral administration of antineoplastic chemotherapy; Good practices for patient safety using oral antineoplastic therapy; Administration and safe handling of immunotherapies; Prevention and management of errors related to the administration of antineoplastic and immunotherapeutic chemotherapeutic agents. Conclusion: patients safety with cancer in the administration of antineoplastic therapy occurs when there is implementation of evidence-based protocols, continuing education of nurses and implementation of safety standards and processes, as a strategy to prevent errors in drug administration.
Highlights
Cases of malignant neoplasms are growing every day in the world
The relevance of this study is to provide a mapping of the main measures aimed at ensuring the safety of cancer patients during the administration of antineoplastic therapy, as well as providing subsidies for the nursing practice
The objective was to identify and synthesize the scientific evidence of cancer patient safety in the administration of antineoplastic and immunotherapeutic chemotherapies. It is a scoping review, research protocol registered in the OpenScience Framework, developed from the recommendations of the PRISMA-ScR10 international guide and from the method proposed by the Joanna Briggs Institute, Reviewers Manual 2017,11 which establishes five steps, namely: 1) identification of the research question; 2) identification of relevant studies; 3) study selection; 4) data analysis; and 5) grouping, synthesis and presentation of data.[11]
Summary
Cases of malignant neoplasms are growing every day in the world. It is estimated that by 2030 the number of people with this disease will be around 21.4 million, and that 13.2 million will die, due to the impact of changes in the sociodemographic and epidemiological patterns of the world population.[1] In Brazil, the estimate for the 2018-2019 biennium was 600,000 new cases of cancer each year.[2]. The treatment of malignant neoplasms is complex, multidisciplinary and essentially depends on their clinical staging, on the pathological characteristics of the tumor and on predictive and prognostic factors.[1,3]. Antineoplastic chemotherapy (CTX) is one of the most preferred modalities for the treatment of malignant neoplasms. CTX can be classified as adjuvant, following curative surgery; neoadjuvant, indicated for partial tumor reduction; curative, used to achieve complete tumor control; and palliative, which aims to minimize the symptoms arising from tumor proliferation with increased survival.[3,4,5]
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