Paths care at attention to mental health of alcohol user and other drugs

Abstract

Currently the difficulties and challenges faced by all health professionals in the social integration of the individual order in psychological distress are visible, in an attempt to promote the inclusion in the family and in society. The objective of this work to describe the problems and difficulties faced by health professionals in relation to mental health and alcohol and drug users, from an analysis of the historical aspects and propose resolution alternatives and support the concepts in the matricial in mental health. This is an exploratory bibliographic study with a qualitative approach, in which 55 papers were explored the SciELO database (Scientific Electronic Library Online) LILACS (Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences), published in 1978 in national journals to 2014 were included articles in Portuguese. The methodology used was a literature integrative review using the key words: mental health, nursing and mental health, harm reduction, mental health services, mental health in primary care. The findings were summarized and submitted to categorization by thematic analysis looking organize the similarities and contrasts content. Thus, the end four categories emerged: Psychiatric reform, Interventions in Mental Health and common therapeutic actions for professional Primary Care, the family group Home and Harm Reduction - a new model and paradigms. During the analysis of the articles follow a range of changes in the care of Mental Health since the Psychiatric Reform, models of actions aimed at social inclusion, citizenship and identity, ie, autonomy of people suffering from diseases and mental disorders, and alcoholism, crack and other drugs. Many obstacles were found to overcome the biomedical and hospital-centered model. And the professional user and the family, have been protagonists of this social movement, favoring new models for changes in mental health.