Abstract
India possess rich heritage of valuable Fauna and hence has been considered as a 'treasure house' of valuable medicinal and aromatic plant species. The Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India have identified and documented over 9,500 plant species considering their importance in the pharmaceutical industry. Out of these, about 65 plants have large and consistent demand in world trade. Use of plants as a source of medicine has been inherited and is an important component of the health care system in India. India has 16 Agro climatic zones, 45,000 diverse plant species out of which 15,000 are medicinal plants. The Indian Systems of Medicine have identified 1500 medicinal plants, of which 500 species are mostly used in the preparation of drugs. The Indian Systems of Medicine, particularly Ayurveda, Siddha, Unani,H to discourage other countries for patenting Indian heritage.
Highlights
India is one among the twelve mega diversity countries, commanding 7% of the world's biodiversity and supporting 16% of the major forest types, varying from alpine pastures in the Himalayas to temperate, subtropical, tropical forests, and mangroves in the coastal areas
This paper explores the need to document the indigenous knowledge related to Indian herbs and plants and their medicinal and other uses and convert it into navigable computerize data base for easy access and to secure patenting rights; to discourage other countries for patenting Indian heritage
Two of the world’s 18 hotspots of bio-diversity are found in India and have supremacy over 89,451 animal species accounting for 7.31% of the faunal species in the world and the flora accounts for 10.78% of the global total
Summary
India is one among the twelve mega diversity countries, commanding 7% of the world's biodiversity and supporting 16% of the major forest types, varying from alpine pastures in the Himalayas to temperate, subtropical, tropical forests, and mangroves in the coastal areas. Two of the world’s 18 hotspots of bio-diversity are found in India and have supremacy over 89,451 animal species accounting for 7.31% of the faunal species in the world and the flora accounts for 10.78% of the global total. The country possess[16] Agro climatic zones, 45,000 diverse plant species out of which 15,000 are medicinal plants of which 500 species are mostly used in the preparation of drugs (Table 1). Medicinal plants are the local inheritance with global importance: The Indian Systems of Medicine, Ayurveda, Siddha, Unani, & Homoeopathy medicine largely use plant base materials, minerals, metals, marine and products of animal origin. Our ancient texts had documented medicinal uses of a large number of plants. These plants are being used for preparation of medicines for centuries.
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