Abstract
Category: conceptual article. The problem considered in the article is the failure of most Russian universities to develop intellectual property (IP) management strategies capable of meeting the challenges of the market. The importance that is currently attached to this issue concerns the national strategy for the scientifi c and technological development of the Russian Federation – in particular, as enshrined in the national project “Nauka” (Science). The goal of the work determined by the current situation is thus to formulate the structure of the strategic goals of universities in the field of intellectual property, as well as to identify and systematise typical strategies for their accomplishment. To achieve this goal, the following tasks were carried out within the framework of the study: 1) an analysis of Russian and foreign publications in order to systematise methodological approaches to the formation of the university’s patent strategy; 2) a systematisation of key performance indicators used in assessing the activities of universities in their reporting documents and ratings; 3) a collation of approaches to the formation of patent strategies of Russian universities, based on a comparative analysis of university-wide missions and goals, as well as general aims and strategies for managing intellectual property. The solutions to these problems formed the basis for a systematisation of approaches to the formation of patent strategies in Russian and foreign practice. It is proposed that patent strategy be considered as a vector of the development of university IP across such coordinates as the competitive behaviour model, as well as the volume, geographical distribution and structure of the patent portfolio with respect to target audiences (key consumers) and strategic partnerships. The conducted studies and generalisations, which will be used to support the innovation activity of UrFU, may also be useful to other universities of the Russian Federation for improving systems of innovation and intellectual property management.
Highlights
One of the most important institutions for ensuring the implementation of research and development results in world practice is the patent system, which ensures the consolidation of intellectual rights to the results of research, design and project works and provides the legal basis for their commercialisation
The first official intellectual property policy adopted by a university in the Russian Federation was in 2012 at the Ural Federal University 2; subsequently, other Russian universities implemented this practice
In addition to educational and research components, the majority of Russian universities emphasise the promotion of regional economic development in their mission statements, stressing a commitment to the concept of the university’s “third mission”
Summary
One of the most important institutions for ensuring the implementation of research and development results in world practice is the patent system, which ensures the consolidation of intellectual rights to the results of research, design and project works and provides the legal basis for their commercialisation. The adoption of a university policy in the field of intellectual property defines and formalises the basic principles of intellectual property management, including models for the separation of exclusive rights and distribution of income from their use, which contributes to the development of motivational schemes and, patent activity of universities. These days, an indication of an effective motivation for creativity is the filing several dozen or even hundreds of patent applications per year, which is no longer an exception for Russian universities. Despite the somewhat artificial nature of such organisational models, the licensing of research results to an industrial partner is an important and effective tool for stimulating practice – and, no less importantly, developing a technology licensing market culture
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