Pastereloz of crafts and its prophylaxis

Abstract

Pasteurleozy is a factor disease. The manifestation of pathogenic action of pasteurals occurs under conditions of influence on a susceptible organism of a number of negative factors, which are conventionally divided into contributing and adversarial. In the etiology of pasteurial infection, they play a decisive role. The problem of the struggle against rabbit pasterelosis in our country is paid insufficient attention. The analysis of the documents of the state veterinary report gives grounds to assert that the tension of the epizootic situation with regard to rabies pasteurse in the country remains unexplored. So, in official data on outbreaks of rabies pasterelosis during the last 10 years there are separate reports, from which it is impossible to make a comprehensive assessment of the epizootic process of this infection in Ukraine. There is no data on the characteristics of circulating serotypes of Pasteurella multocida in rabbit farms. There are only brief information about the spread of the disease in the rabbits in certain regions, in particular, the Luhansk, Donetsk and Zaporizhzhya oblasts. These reports indicate a poor condition for the maintenance of rabbits and an insufficient level of antiepizootic measures, which, according to the authors, is the main reason for the spread of pasteurellosis. Given these data, it can be assumed that pasteurellosis is a rather common disease of rabbits, not only in the east of Ukraine, but also in the whole country. In the system of antiepirosis measures of rabies pasteurellosis, the leading role is given to active immunization of the susceptible animal population. The article presents the results of the analysis of the domestic and world market of veterinary immunobiological means for the specific prevention of this infection. It is shown that only one vaccine against pasterelosis of rabbits of foreign production and no domestic vaccine has been registered in Ukraine. A comparative analysis of the main components of foreign vaccines and vaccines developed by our scientists was carried out. The most common inactivator in pasteurial vaccines is formaldehyde, despite the fact that it destroys the capsule, which plays an important role in the formation of the immune response and immunity tension. All foreign vaccines as a preservative contain thiomersal – an organic derivative of mercury. As an adjuvant mineral oil and aluminum hydroxide are used, both substances are reactogenic for the rabbit organism. It has been shown that the immunogenic component of pasteurial vaccines includes several serotypes of P. multocida.